What will 6G look like in the future?

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At the recently concluded MWC Shanghai, Nokia publicly released the "6G Communication White Paper" for the first time. So, what will 6G look like in the future? Today, let's learn about the future of 6G.

In the 6G era, digital twins will be fully developed and applied. For everyone, digital twins may be a new term; in fact, this is not a new concept. It was publicly proposed as early as 2011 in a US Air Force research experiment.

Digital twins make full use of physical models, sensor updates, operation history and other data, integrate multi-disciplinary, multi-physical quantity, multi-scale, and multi-probability simulation processes, complete mapping in virtual space, and thus reflect the entire life cycle of the corresponding physical equipment.

This means that a virtual object can be simulated on a computer system, and the relationship between this virtual object and the real object is like that of twins. This will break the barriers between the virtual world and the physical world, and even connect to the biological world. In addition to traditional mobile device terminals and wearable devices, there will also be subcutaneous implants, ingestibles, and embedded devices. Through the emerging human-computer interface, 6G will bring us scenes like those in Hollywood science fiction movies. Our lifestyle will change again, and "superpower" humans will become a reality.

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In the future, touch interaction will be eliminated, just as the key-based interaction devices of the past are slowly being replaced by the widely adopted touch interaction. New interaction methods will emerge, such as gestures, voice, and even interaction through brain sensors.

Terminal equipment evolution

Each generation of communication systems from 1G to 5G mainly improves network capacity and designs mobile communication systems through three dimensions. These three dimensions are:

• Spectrum
• Spectral efficiency
• Space efficiency

Similarly, when designing 6G, we need to continue to further improve the capacity of 6G networks from these three directions. For example, we can use unused frequency bands; integrate the frequency band resources of major operators to build shared spectrum, and use other ways to expand the spectrum; with the advancement of technology and the reduction of hardware costs, we can further improve spectrum efficiency through technologies such as millimeter wave and MIMO.

In addition, the 6G era will also generate new application requirements, and three new dimensions will be added in the design of 6G:

• data
• Hashrate
• Energy efficiency

In the 6G era, a large number of devices will need to connect to data, which will generate a large amount of data. The network performance can be optimized by analyzing these data. At present, Moore's Law is difficult to maintain. The computing power of chips per unit volume will gradually tend to saturation, which will also limit the computing power level of the equipment. For example, wearable devices, human body sensors and other devices, at this time, it is particularly important to fully tap the computing power in the 6G network; energy efficiency is an often overlooked perspective. With the changes in climate and environment and the increasing contradictions between network devices, energy consumption is an issue that cannot be ignored.

6G Design Dimensions

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have been successfully applied in the Internet, and in the future, they will also empower 6G. Communications is an industry with high technical barriers and complex structures. With the support of artificial intelligence, 6G will be more intelligent and can achieve automatic optimization of the network, while also greatly reducing the failure rate and network maintenance costs.

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AI Empowers 6G

6G has a promising future!

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