With the handshake of 5G, intelligent transportation will usher in four major qualitative changes!

At present, for any ToB market, 5G+AI is creating the future in parallel!

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5G and AI are two important trends in the future development of the global technology industry. On June 6, 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued 5G commercial licenses to China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom, and China Broadcasting Corporation, marking the official entry of China's 5G into the commercial stage.

The three major operators are accelerating network construction, planning to cover more than 50 cities by the end of 2019 and all cities above the prefecture level by the end of 2020. The 5G network holds the future hopes of the entire mobile Internet industry chain, and will also deeply empower the intelligent transportation industry and trigger a profound transformation of the industry.

The topic of intelligent transportation and AI has been heard a lot, and even a little aesthetically fatigued. 4G changed life, 5G changed society, so in the future, what qualitative changes can 5G and intelligent transportation bring? What new market growth space can be opened up and what new growth points can be created?

Autonomous driving is heading towards the 5G era

Autonomous driving was once a castle in the air. However, the industry predicts that Chinese-style autonomous driving will be commercially available in 2021.

The new generation of driverless cars with 5G+AI will reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents through safer transportation, making people feel more secure; the more beneficial and convenient driverless shared travel mode will increase people's sense of happiness; the smarter and more intelligent lifestyle enabled by driverless cars will also enhance the public's sense of gain.

Autonomous driving has attracted much attention in the past two years. It is actually a form of intelligent driving that uses on-board sensors to sense the vehicle's surrounding environment and controls the vehicle's steering and speed based on the road, vehicle position and obstacle information obtained, so that the vehicle can travel safely and reliably on the road.

Driven by an ever-increasing array of sensors, driverless cars will generate 4,000G of data every day. However, the speed of 4G LTE is about 12Mbps, with a latency of 50ms, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements for driverless connectivity and secure autonomous systems.

After the implementation of 5G wireless network technology, its speed can reach 10Gbps and the delay can reach 1MS, which can support the development of smart cars and improve the level of reliable communication between cars and between cars and the surrounding environment. 5G technology is a key enabler for the interconnection of driverless vehicles.

In addition, digital services within the car also rely on the implementation of 5G technology. The ability to process big data with ultra-low latency provides automakers with tools to improve passenger experience and increase mobile revenue.

Of course, in 2019, 5G is still in the early exploratory stage in the application of driverless vehicles. Combining driverless vehicles with more network connections will undoubtedly pose certain risks to their safety.

On the one hand, when vehicle components and systems are connected to the outside world with the help of 5G networks, the scope of possible attacks is also increased.

On the other hand, given the dependence of driverless vehicles on wireless networks, the construction and maintenance of 5G base stations are crucial. Keeping base stations working normally for a long time and increasing their distribution coverage are the key to ensuring reliable data transmission.

In response to the above problems, the automotive manufacturing industry needs to comprehensively formulate a 5G base station construction plan, and at the same time use existing security technologies to develop and improve the network security mechanism of driverless vehicles.

Cars and roads will be more coordinated in the 5G era

Today, we have entered the era of intelligent interconnection of all things from the Internet of Everything, and all walks of life are embracing intelligence. Taking smart transportation as an example, real-time monitoring of vehicle traffic and intelligent traffic control can help cities improve congestion problems.

my country is about to enter the 5G era. Compared with 4G, 5G is not only faster, but also has low latency, which provides the basic conditions for the Internet of Vehicles, allowing transportation to move towards intelligence.

V2X is a key technology for smart road networks and vehicle-road collaboration in 2020. This technology enables efficient collaboration between vehicles and roads, and is a high degree of unity and effective assistance between vehicles and roads.

Naturally, its two main subsystems are the roadside unit and the on-board unit. Each traffic component unit uses the roadside unit and the on-board unit to achieve information transmission and sharing between vehicles, vehicles and roadsides, and roadsides and roadsides through wired or wireless communications.

The main functions of the roadside unit are: to collect various information detected by roadside sensors (such as traffic flow, emergencies, dense crowds, pedestrian information at intersections, foreign objects intruding on the road, slippery road conditions), send it to the vehicle by wireless short-range communication, and send it to other roadside units or management centers by wired or wireless communication; receive information from the vehicle-mounted unit or other roadside units.

The main functions of the on-board unit are: to collect information collected by various on-board sensors (such as positioning, movement, etc.), fuse it and send it to other on-board units; to receive information from other on-board units; to receive information from roadside units; to fuse the received information with the collected sensor information of the vehicle, make safety warning judgments and vehicle control decisions, provide information to the driver in an appropriate interactive manner, or issue control instructions to the vehicle control unit.

5G empowers vehicle-road collaboration to become a clear direction for autonomous driving. In fact, in the current technical route of autonomous driving, the vehicle-road collaboration of single-vehicle intelligence has also attracted much attention.

Single-vehicle intelligence, through more sensors combined with better algorithms, allows the car to achieve relatively safe autonomous driving without any external force.

But in practice, this goal is very difficult to achieve. Faced with complex traffic environments, including the intentions of people and vehicles, unexpected factors, and restrictions of traffic rules, it is difficult to judge. The high cost of sensors is also a very important factor.

The biggest advantage of using V2X technology, under the protection of 5G, is that it can perform beyond-line-of-sight perception, which is impossible for single-vehicle intelligence. It can also achieve high-precision and low-cost perception.

In terms of low cost, if most of the perception responsibilities are moved from the vehicle to the cloud, the cost of each vehicle can be greatly reduced, while improving the safety of the vehicle. Another important point is that it can reduce the vehicle's power consumption.

5G empowers travel to become smarter

Transportation exists because it meets the needs of transportation and travel.

Order No. 5 of the Ministry of Transport in 2018 requires that "two passenger and one dangerous goods" vehicles deploy real-time on-board monitoring equipment to prevent driver fatigue driving and public safety emergencies.

At present, vehicle-mounted video surveillance mainly uses 3G/4G networks for real-time backhaul. Due to limited uplink bandwidth, coverage, latency and other reasons, the video surveillance image quality is poor, with occasional freezes and mosaics (during peak hours), making it impossible to achieve real-time monitoring and timely detection of high-risk personnel, and there are certain safety risks.

With the development of AI technology, intelligent algorithms can verify the identity of drivers when they take up their posts to prevent shift replacement; real-time detection and early warning of driving behavior can be carried out during driving. At the same time, more high-definition cameras, radars and other sensors equipped on the vehicle body can be used to actively warn of lane departure, forward collision and blind spot monitoring.

By generating driving models based on driving behaviors and habits, driving skills evaluation, driving speed analysis, short-term safety factor analysis, and alarm event analysis, companies can use data to assess drivers, implement targeted training, and urge drivers to drive more safely.

Mobile vehicle scenarios include: public transportation vehicles such as buses, taxis, and subways, law enforcement patrol vehicles such as traffic police motorcycles, law enforcement police cars, and patrol cars, and special vehicles such as school buses, escort vehicles, cash transport vehicles, and hazardous chemicals transport vehicles.

These vehicles all need to be subject to key supervision, but due to the limitations of current wireless technology and network capabilities, the scope, timeliness and effectiveness of supervision cannot be guaranteed.

On the one hand, due to insufficient bandwidth and stability, full real-time feedback cannot be achieved, the actual situation of the driver/passenger/vehicle cannot be controlled, the number of concurrent routes for real-time video review is small, the image quality is fuzzy, and occasional freezes occur, which cannot effectively support the efficient handling of emergencies.

On the other hand, the on-board surveillance video is stored locally, the equipment is easily damaged, the data is easily lost, and it is impossible to reliably provide video retrieval of emergencies. Currently, traffic vehicles have become a blind spot for Skynet's monitoring, and clues can only be obtained by "looking back" afterwards.

With the advent of the 5G network era, it has become possible for vehicle-mounted monitoring systems to develop from standard definition to high definition, networking, and intelligence.

With the large bandwidth, high reliability and low latency characteristics of the 5G network, it is possible to meet the real-time transmission needs of high-frame rate, high-quality video data, and transmit the video back to the background for cloud storage to ensure that data is not lost, greatly improving data storage reliability.

At the same time, high-definition video transmission also provides a data foundation for the subsequent development of intelligent applications. Combined with back-end AI capabilities, it can intelligently identify and warn drivers of dangerous driving behaviors, and realize real-time monitoring and refined management of transport vehicles.

With the development of the economy, airplanes have become the mainstream mode of travel for people. Flying has improved travel efficiency, but the numerous security checks at airports have reduced travel efficiency. The cumbersome processes of check-in, baggage check-in, pre-security check, security check, boarding, and repeated verifications have reduced the travel experience.

On the other hand, airports currently rely heavily on manual inspections and manual video surveillance for management, which is inefficient and poses great risks.

The development of 5G and artificial intelligence technology has unified data in various systems, allowing users to go through customs with just a face. In addition to the above-mentioned scenarios, self-service verification and customs clearance can be realized, greatly improving efficiency. It can also improve the travel experience in aspects such as boarding route planning, precise positioning of late passengers, and precise service for VIP customers. When picking up people at the airport, you can use guest information to remind you of the arrival location without having to look at the screen to find someone.

New means such as ultra-high-definition cameras and drones can achieve full coverage of airports. Combined with artificial intelligence algorithms, they can automatically identify airport risks. More intelligent applications such as perimeter intrusion detection, flight landing tracking, flight parking route planning, etc. can improve management efficiency while reducing risks.

5G and the qualitative change of smart transportation

With the rapid development of computer and communication technology, the logistics industry has also undergone tremendous changes. A large number of cutting-edge technologies have been widely used, greatly improving the efficiency, safety and quality of logistics.

At the same time, as 5G mobile networks continue to mature and are fully commercialized, key technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, AR/VR, and other key technologies will be deeply integrated with the entire logistics process and will be widely used in warehousing, transportation, distribution and other fields in the modern logistics industry. The new model of "5G+AI+logistics" will comprehensively promote the transformation of traditional logistics to smart logistics.

In addition to being responsible for the transportation of general goods, logistics companies also cover areas such as food transportation, pharmaceutical cold chain transportation, and hazardous chemical transportation, so the management and monitoring of logistics vehicles is very important.

Installing an on-board monitoring system on a vehicle to enable remote video browsing and geographic location tracking is an important management method at present.

However, due to the limitations of current wireless technology and network capabilities, the scope, timeliness and effectiveness of supervision are greatly limited.

On the one hand, due to insufficient bandwidth and stability, the video cannot be fully transmitted in real time in high definition, and the true condition of the driver/vehicle cannot be controlled; on the other hand, most of the on-board surveillance videos are stored locally offline, the equipment is easily damaged, the data is easily lost, and it is impossible to reliably provide video retrieval of emergencies.

In traditional port environments, key business systems such as gantry cranes, container trucks, and video surveillance have traditionally used communication methods such as optical fiber and industrial WiFi, which have pain points such as high construction and operation and maintenance costs, inflexible deployment, and low stability and reliability.

Gantry cranes in traditional ports are mainly operated manually, which is hard work and inefficient. In recent years, the drivers are aging and there is a shortage of staff.

There is an urgent need to realize remote control of gantry cranes. Remote control has high requirements for the network, and the network delay requirement is in the millisecond level (30 milliseconds). The current gantry cranes communicate through optical fiber, and optical fiber turntables need to be deployed. Long-term control is prone to failure. The deployment of optical cables for each gantry crane costs more than 2 million yuan and needs to be replaced every two years. When multiple units are operated at the same time, the optical fiber is easily tangled when dragging on the ground.

If Wifi is used, it is only suitable for single-machine remote operation, and the transmission distance is relatively limited; if waveguide cable and waveguide tube are used, the bandwidth is limited, and the bandwidth is generally only about 100M, and the latest generation is only about 200M.

At the front end, four real-time high-definition cameras are installed on each gantry crane, and the data is transmitted back to the central control room via the 5G network.

The 5G wireless network solves the problem of optical fiber entanglement and can operate multiple gantry cranes in parallel, effectively reducing the equipment purchase rate and the maintenance cost of cable replacement. The large bandwidth capability ensures the concurrent high-definition video uplink requirements of multiple gantry cranes; and the low latency effectively ensures the accuracy of remote control.

There are two main types of container trucks in the terminal: AGV and straddle carrier, which are mainly responsible for transportation from the terminal front to the yard.

AGV has high reliability and relies on magnetic nails to operate. It has high requirements for the installation environment of the magnetic nails and is difficult to expand. Straddle carriers are similar to gantry cranes. If remote control is to be achieved, they are also limited by the high latency of traditional networks.

The port environment is complex, there are no traffic lights, and the situation in the yard changes quickly. Cameras and multiple sensors are needed to perceive the surrounding environment, enable real-time interaction between people and vehicles, vehicles and vehicles, and vehicles and objects, and make real-time decisions to ensure semi-automation and automation of remote control.

On the vehicle side, three 5G high-definition cameras are installed on the front and rear of the AGV body to collect 360-degree surround video, and exchange data with the chassis wire control equipment and video acquisition equipment of the autonomous driving vehicle through the 5G network to achieve real-time monitoring and control of the smart car.

When the monitoring center detects an abnormality in the autonomous vehicle, the vehicle can be taken over manually and driven to a safe area through remote driving.

Urban road management includes urban trunk roads and key roads such as bridges, viaducts, and tunnels, which are usually maintained by road and bridge supervision and management service centers at all levels. Traditional maintenance mainly relies on daily inspections by patrol vehicles. Each vehicle takes about 30 minutes to inspect once, and there are two inspections per day.

Road and bridge conditions are mostly assessed manually with the naked eye. The current operation mode relies on the experience of patrol personnel. If the road condition seriously affects traffic, the maintenance staff on duty will be notified by phone immediately to deal with it on site, and photos of the on-site situation will be provided to the maintenance staff via WeChat.

During the inspection, road videos are recorded in the vehicle's NVR, copied to the storage server after returning to the station, and archived for 12 months. However, the data is not structured and analyzed, and becomes dormant data.

The development of 5G and AI technology can obtain high-quality road images through front-end high-definition video surveillance, conduct real-time analysis of road damage through algorithms, and generate three priority work orders according to the severity of the road and bridge. For high-priority work orders, high-definition video images can be transmitted back in time through the 5G network to support the monitoring center to analyze the road damage and formulate corresponding solutions; medium and low-level road damage work orders are distributed to the corresponding management office for overall management.

5G has brought profound changes to the intelligent transportation industry in terms of industry coverage, industrial transformation, business coverage, video acquisition upgrading, perception application, and prevention and control capabilities.

Enabling intelligent transportation, moving from "autocracy and exclusive use" to "harmonious people's livelihood"; from "seeing" to "insight and foresight"; coverage from "scattered and sparse" to "ubiquitous", realizing the globalization, liberalization and simplification of business coverage; perception from "after-the-fact" to "synesthesia". With the maturity and application of 5G, perception control technology, video rendering technology, and intelligent facilities and equipment, the business form of intelligent transportation will become more free.

It can not only project from the physical world to the digital world, but also superimpose and render the digital world into the physical world, forming a digital twin that coordinates the virtual and the real, reconstructing a new intelligent transportation system characterized by all-weather, all-time and space, all elements, and full integration, and also depicting the most beautiful picture about intelligent transportation.