Three-layer network model of Internet products

If you ask what is the biggest feature of Internet products? In fact, it is the network effect. Specifically, the Internet itself gives Internet products the three most important features: Connection: connecting people, people and things, and things and things, opening up an online world outside the real world. Interaction: massive users, people, and things can interact at the same time. Networking: through interaction, users form division of labor and organization, generate social collaboration, and improve production efficiency. Taking Taobao as an example, it can be represented by a simplified network diagram as follows:

A simplified network. Blue represents products, which is Taobao. Other colors represent roles, where red represents sellers, green represents buyers, and yellow represents Taobao operators. In reality, sellers may hire models for photo shoots, hire professionals to decorate the store, and use advertising systems to place ads. When buyers browse the website, there will be a recommendation system to recommend products. When buyers place an order, they need to pay with Alipay. When the payment is successful, the seller will ship the goods, and the buyer can check the logistics information, which involves logistics companies and logistics systems. This is a more complex network:

In addition to Taobao, a more complex network also includes Juhuasuan, Tmall, Tmall Supermarket, Taobao Shopping, Fliggy and other products, which forms an even more complex network:

The key to understanding a more complex network is the network's communication protocol. First, let's look at the relationship between users and products in this network: From the perspective of the relationship between users and products: products need to meet user needs, and the ability of products to meet user needs is the connection between users and products. From the perspective of the relationship between users: users must be able to divide labor and collaborate, and the collaborative relationship between users is the connection between users. From the perspective of the relationship between products: products exist in the form of systems, and the connection between products is the flow of data between systems. The previous network can be abstracted into a three-layer model, as shown in the following figure:

The three-layer network model and the network communication protocol are simplified into a three-layer communication protocol model:

Three-layer communication protocol model: user connection: represents social collaboration relationship; demand connection: represents the ability of the product to meet user needs; product connection: represents the data flow between systems.