Considerations for designing the integrated cabling system in IDC computer rooms

IDC is the abbreviation of Internet Data Center. Through the existing Internet communication lines and bandwidth resources, the environment of professional telecommunications computer rooms is standardized to provide enterprises and governments with a full range of services such as server hosting.

The Internet age has greatly facilitated busy shoppers, who can shop without leaving home. The IDC industry is undoubtedly the biggest beneficiary of the rapid development of online shopping. If IDC companies want to become bigger and stronger, the key lies in the level of IDC technical services, including data security, network speed and room stability.

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Design principles

1. Compatibility principle

The wiring system interface should be compatible to ensure that different equipment terminals can be converted and used mutually. Therefore, international standards should be adopted when different businesses design and produce them to ensure that telephone switches, network equipment, and computers can support each other. 2. Flexibility

In the whole system, an advanced jumper management mode is adopted. Different types of equipment terminals can be connected to different information sockets, and the relocation and displacement of equipment terminals can be achieved through simple jumpers on the distribution frame.

3. Application reliability

The quality of products purchased in the computer room must be guaranteed, must be approved by international authoritative organizations and must undergo rigorous testing.

4. Investment economics

By improving product compatibility and establishing a modular, open product structure, we can reduce the human, material and financial resources required for daily maintenance and lower operating costs.

The composition of data center wiring

Data center wiring consists of two parts: data center room wiring and support space. The data center room includes the main distribution area, horizontal distribution area, regional distribution area and equipment distribution area.

The main distribution area, including a large number of main jumpers and core switching equipment, is also the central distribution point of the data center's structured cabling system.

A main distribution area can provide data services and support for one or more data centers in a certain area, as well as multiple data centers in other areas. In addition, it can also provide services and support for office areas, operation centers and other external support areas.

Horizontal wiring area, equipment wiring area is typically installed with SAN, LAN and KVM switches connected to the equipment wiring area. The horizontal wiring area mainly includes horizontal jumpers. In a data center, computer rooms can be set up on each floor, and at least one horizontal wiring area is set up on each floor. However, when the equipment is far away from the horizontal wiring area, multiple horizontal wiring areas can be set up to achieve the purpose.

The regional distribution area is an optional docking point included in the horizontal wiring system. In the computer room design, the equipment terminals usually use cabinets or racks, which can be frequently moved to different areas to connect the regional sockets of multiple adjacent devices, thereby realizing the flexibility requirements of the horizontal distribution area and terminal equipment configuration.

There shall be no cross-connections among the above multiple device connections, and active equipment shall not be used in the zone distribution area.

The equipment wiring area refers to the space allocated for the installation of terminal equipment. It covers a wide range of content, including computer systems, communication equipment, servers and storage devices, blade servers, etc. The area wiring area of ​​the equipment wiring area is generally fixed on the rack connection hardware or cabinet.

Jumpers and Installation Labels

In order to comply with the IDC room wiring design principles, when purchasing jumpers, it is necessary to pay attention to the same manufacturer and brand to ensure the transmission performance of the data link line. At the same time, the RJ45 interfaces at both ends used to connect the patch panel and network equipment should comply with the Category 6 standard.

When using labels to identify structured wiring, the following requirements should also be met:

1) Requirements for twisted pair labels: the material must have good oil-proof, waterproof, and solvent-proof properties and must have a protective film and strong adaptability and good transparency. The bottom layer must be able to withstand bending and be suitable for winding.

The label has the characteristics of wear resistance, high temperature resistance, friction resistance, waterproof and anti-pollution. The label material that meets these characteristics must pass UL969 certification. This label is mainly used for patch panels to switch jumpers.

2) Requirements for patch panel identification and information panel labels: polyester is used as the material, and its functional characteristics are the same as those for twisted pair cable labels. The label material must also pass UL969 certification, patch panel identification and each information panel identification.

3) Fiber optic labels must not only meet the functional requirements, but also meet the health requirements of network maintenance personnel. In terms of functional use, they must be resistant to high temperatures, corrosion, friction, and moisture. In terms of personnel health, they must be environmentally friendly and pollution-free. Therefore, the selection of fiber optic labels must comply with the environmental protection Ro HS directive requirements. The main use is for optical fibers from patch panels to switches.

Grounding

In order to ensure the safety of equipment during operation, grounding protection work must be done early to ensure the normal and safe operation of the equipment. During the redesign, equipotential grounding copper busbars are pre-installed on the floor of the computer room to connect the bridge, cabinets, distribution frames and other equipment to the equipotential grounding copper busbars under the floor of the computer room.

test

The data center integrated wiring system has significant improvements over traditional integrated wiring in terms of acceptance test objects, mainly in terms of update cycle and link transmission rate. There are differences in the horizontal wiring of the wiring system and system product requirements.

The characteristics of the link structure itself are that there are many short links, many connection modules, and many long jumpers and multi-jump contacts. Therefore, when testing, the test methods and test objects are different.

1. Test Standards

According to the national standard "Specifications for Construction and Acceptance of Integrated Cabling System Engineering" (GB50312-2007) jointly issued by the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the Ministry of Construction in April 2007, detailed requirements are made for the testing of integrated cabling, including the test methods used during on-site testing, the content to be tested, and the requirements for instruments used during the test. In combination with the requirements, cable testing mainly involves four items, namely length, wiring diagram, attenuation and near-end crosstalk.

For other items (including characteristic impedance, return loss, environmental noise interference intensity, etc.), selective testing is performed based on the specific conditions of the construction site and the functions of the detection equipment. The specification defines two test modes: basic link and channel link. In the basic link test, the cable used by the user end is not tested. In the channel link test, the test of the client cable is included. The process is an end-to-end test link.

When testing, internationally recognized testing instruments should be used to check the quality of the wiring terminations.

2. Test Files

When the final acceptance is carried out after the completion of the entire project, complete documentation is required. The information involved in the documentation must cover the labels of all materials used in the construction process, the jumper relationships of cable equipment, etc. Therefore, complete documentation and system test data must be provided during the final acceptance.

***In the information age, in order to facilitate the future maintenance and management of the system lines, electronic archives are established for document materials to facilitate retrieval.